HomeGuides › What is a TSV?
Guide · US regime

What is a Tokenized Securities Venue (TSV)?

A TSV is a trading venue for tokenized US securities that operates on a public blockchain under the SEC's Innovation Exemption — pricing trades with permissioned automated market makers instead of an order book, with the venue's conditions enforced in its contracts and operations.

Updated September 2026 · Engineering reference, not legal advice

The short definition

A Tokenized Securities Venue is what the SEC's Innovation Exemption (Release 34-106402, September 17, 2026) calls the operator of a permissioned, AMM-based trading venue for tokenized NMS stock on a public, permissionless distributed ledger. For a five-year window, a qualifying TSV does not register as a national securities exchange — instead it operates under a set of conditions baked into its technology: permissioned participants, bounded symbols and volumes, synchronized halts, issuer notices, rights-parity tokens, and USD-denominated reporting.

In practice a TSV has three moving parts: the pools (onchain AMMs that actually price and settle trades), the operator (the US-person entity that admits participants, files notices, keeps records, and keeps the venue synchronized with the primary market), and the participants (the wallet-holders the venue has admitted under its own standards).

How a TSV works

The pools

Each listed pair is a liquidity pool holding both legs — for example a tokenized stock and a settlement asset. Prices come from a deterministic formula and reserve balances, not from a matching engine. Liquidity providers deposit both assets and receive pool shares; traders swap one leg for the other. There is no order book, no matching, and no discretionary intermediation — which is precisely the property that makes the AMM model tractable under a conditional exemption.

Permissioned admission

"Permissioned" is not a front-end login. The pool itself consults a policy on every action: only admitted participants may swap or provide liquidity, only listed pairs exist, and the venue can pause any pool at any time. Admission standards are set by the TSV — identification tiers, screening, attestations — and enforced at the contract level.

The operator

The TSV operator is the regulated entity. It publishes the required notices, synchronizes halts with the primary exchange, monitors per-symbol volume against caps, keeps books and records (onchain records qualify), and reports USD-denominated 24-hour volume. Critically, a well-designed TSV can halt activity but never move participant funds — compliance power is the power to freeze, not to transfer.

The chain

The order requires contracts to be auditable, public, and deployed on a public, permissionless ledger — anyone can read and write without authorization. Permissioned pools on public chains are explicitly contemplated. No specific chain is mandated; what matters is public auditability of the venue's contracts.

What trades on a TSV

The instrument set is tokenized NMS stock whose tokens carry full rights parity — same dividends, votes and residual claims as traditional stock of the equivalent class. Pair legs are broader than most people expect: each leg may be tokenized stock, a non-security crypto asset, or a tokenized money market fund.

PairLeg 1Leg 2Note
TSLA / USDCTokenized NMS stockPayment stablecoinThe canonical equity pair
QQQ / USDCTokenized ETPPayment stablecoinNo-dividend index funds are the lowest parity burden
TSLA / BTCTokenized NMS stockNon-security cryptoCrypto-leg pairs are expressly contemplated
ETH / USDCNon-security cryptoPayment stablecoinPure-crypto pools need no exemption at all
TSLA / tokenized MMFTokenized NMS stockTokenized money market fundYielding settlement asset

The conditions that define a TSV

ConditionWhat it means operationally
AMM-onlyAutomated market making; central limit order books are outside the relief
75-symbol capUp to 75 symbols, drawn from Tier 1 (S&P 500 ∪ Russell 1000 ∪ LULD-eligible ETPs) and a more constrained Tier 2
Volume capsTrading per symbol capped at a fraction of prior-month average daily volume; breaches trigger an immediate multi-month pause in that symbol, affiliates included
Rights parityTokens must carry the same rights and privileges as the traditional stock
Issuer noticeThird-party tokenization requires written notice to the issuer; trading waits out a 30-day clock; the issuer may object and kill the listing
Halt synchronizationToken trading halts concurrently with any primary-exchange stoppage (scheduled closes are not halts)
Launch noticePublic website notice at least 30 days before operating, plus written notice to the SEC
US-person operatorFormation-based test; foreign ownership does not disqualify
Permissioned participantsThe venue sets and enforces its own admission standards
Books, records, reportingOnchain records qualify; 24-hour USD-denominated volume reporting
ScreeningOFAC sanctions screening and statutory-disqualification screens

For the condition-by-condition treatment, see SEC Innovation Exemption, explained.

TSV vs. exchange vs. permissionless DEX

National securities exchangeTSVPermissionless DEX
RegistrationExchange registration (Reg NMS trading center)Conditional 5-year exemption, notice-basedNone claimed — and typically geofenced or limited to non-securities
Trading techOrder book / matching enginePermissioned AMM poolsPermissionless AMM or order book
AccessMembersPermissioned participants under venue standardsAny wallet
Tokenized stockYes (registered listing)Yes — rights-parity tokens under conditionsNo — securities are out of scope for permissionless pools
HoursPrimary-market sessions24/7 minus synchronized halts24/7
Oversight surfaceFull exchange rulebookConditions of the exemption + operator obligationsWhatever applies to the front-end/operator, if any

Timeline: from order to first trade

The exemption became real on September 17, 2026. A TSV must publish notice on its public website at least 30 days before operating and give written notice to the SEC within one business day — so the earliest legal go-live for a day-one filer lands in mid-October 2026. Issuer-notice clocks for third-party-tokenized symbols run in parallel, which is why credible filers draft both notice sets at the same time. See how to become a TSV for the full checklist.

What a TSV is not

  • Not a Securities Act exemption for the tokens. How the tokenized stock itself is offered and registered is a separate question the order does not answer.
  • Not a broker-dealer registration. Customer-facing interfaces that effect transactions raise BD questions the SEC has addressed separately in staff guidance.
  • Not Investment Company Act relief. Pool and LP-token structures can implicate the ICA; the order expressly provides no relief there.
  • Not forever. The window is five years, and the relief can be modified — which is exactly why the conditions belong in configurable software rather than bespoke code.

Frequently asked questions

Can a TSV trade around the clock?
Within the halt-synchronization condition, yes. A TSV must halt token trading whenever the primary exchange halts that security — but scheduled overnight and weekend closes are not halts, so the off-hours window is exactly when an onchain venue adds value. The venue's halt-sync oracle watches the primary market's halt feed and freezes the affected pool for the duration of a genuine stoppage.
Do tokens on a TSV carry the same rights as the stock?
They must. The exemption requires rights parity: the tokenized stock gives the holder the same rights and privileges as traditional stock of the equivalent class — dividends, votes, and residual claims. Wrappers and synthetics that don't carry the underlying rights don't qualify.
Who can participate in a TSV?
Participants are permissioned: the venue sets its own admission standards. The order does not limit participant types — the venue decides who it admits, under what identification and screening tiers, and enforces admission at the contract level on every action.
Is a TSV limited in size?
Yes, by design. A TSV may list up to 75 symbols, and trading in each symbol is capped at a fraction of the prior month's average daily volume in the primary market. Exceeding a volume cap triggers an immediate multi-month pause in that symbol. Using SEC staff's 2025 data, 0.25% of a typical Tier 1 symbol's volume is on the order of 7,500 shares per day — meaningful liquidity, deliberately bounded scope.
Contact

Building a TSV?

The conditions above are the requirements list for the software. clarivyx implements them as a permissioned AMM core, an operator layer for caps/halts/notices/reporting, and a US rulebook — so your team's effort goes to authorization, not protocol engineering.

hello@clarivyx.com